Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as razões da mudança da recomendação inicial dos pareceres emitidos pela Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias no Sistema Único de Saúde (Conitec) durante o processo de consultas públicas (CPs). Tratou-se de pesquisa exploratória de base documental, que analisou 45 CPs da Comissão, realizadas em 2020, das quais sete tiveram entendimento inicial alterado a partir das recomendações recebidas. Os resultados revelam que os principais argumentos considerados para modificar a recomendação preliminar foram aspectos econômicos, bem como critérios de segurança e efetividade da tecnologia analisada. A CP é mecanismo democrático com potencial para avançar no desenvolvimento de um Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) mais igualitário e que atenda aos reais interesses da sociedade.

Abstract This study analyzes the reasons for changes to the initial recommendations of opinions issued by the National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation (Conitec) after public consultations. Through exploratory, documentary research, 45 public consultations conducted by the Committee in 2020 were analyzed. Of these 45 consultations, seven had their initial understanding changed based on the recommendations received during public consultations. Results show that the economic aspects of the analyzed technologies, along with safety and effectiveness criteria, were the main arguments considered to modify preliminary recommendations. Public consultation is a democratic mechanism with the potential to generate progress in the development of a more equitable Brazilian National Health System (SUS) that meets the real interests of society.

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the work process of Primary Health Care professionals in coping with COVID-19. Method: a qualitative study that used the health work process as conceptual basis and qualitative research as methodological framework. The collection procedure was carried out with 23 health professionals from July to September 2021, in the basic health units from a municipality in northwestern Paraná, Brazil. For the analysis, the data were organized by means of the MAXQDA software, and each data segment was organized according to the meanings. Results: two categories emerged, namely: Difficulties faced in reorganization of the ambience, programmatic activities and staffing of Primary Health Care professionals; and Organization of the care flow for users with COVID-19 in Primary Health Care. Conclusion: this study reinforces the indispensability of assessing the work process for health care improvement, especially in conditions of a public health emergency.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el proceso de trabajo de los profesionales de la salud en la atención primaria para enfrentar el Covid-19. Método: estudio cualitativo, que utilizó como base conceptual el proceso de trabajo en salud, y como referente metodológico la investigación evaluativa. La recolección se realizó con 23 profesionales de la salud, entre julio y septiembre de 2021, en unidades básicas de salud de un municipio del noroeste del estado de Paraná, Brasil. Para el análisis, los datos se organizaron utilizando el software MAXQDA, y cada segmento de datos se organizó en función de los significados. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías, a saber: Dificultades enfrentadas al reorganizar el ámbito, actividades programáticas y dimensionamiento de los profesionales de la atención primaria de la salud; y Organización del flujo de atención a usuarios con Covid-19 en la atención primaria de la salud. Conclusión: este estudio refuerza que es indispensable evaluar el proceso de trabajo para mejorar la atención de la salud, especialmente en condiciones de emergencia de salud pública.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o processo de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde na atenção primária no enfrentamento à Covid-19. Método: estudo qualitativo, que utilizou como base conceitual o processo de trabalho em saúde, e, como referencial metodológico, a pesquisa avaliativa. A coleta foi realizada com 23 profissionais de saúde, entre julho e setembro de 2021, nas unidades básicas de saúde em um município no noroeste do Paraná-Brasil. Para a análise organizaram-se os dados por meio do software MAXQDA, e cada segmento de dado foi organizado conforme os significados. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias, a saber: Dificuldades enfrentadas na reorganização da ambiência, atividades programáticas e dimensionamento dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde; e Organização do fluxo de atendimento ao usuário com Covid-19 na atenção primária à saúde. Conclusão: este estudo reforça a indispensabilidade da avaliação do processo de trabalho para melhoria da assistência em saúde, principalmente em condições de emergência de saúde pública.

Abstract This study analyzes the reasons for changes to the initial recommendations of opinions issued by the National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation (Conitec) after public consultations. Through exploratory, documentary research, 45 public consultations conducted by the Committee in 2020 were analyzed. Of these 45 consultations, seven had their initial understanding changed based on the recommendations received during public consultations. Results show that the economic aspects of the analyzed technologies, along with safety and effectiveness criteria, were the main arguments considered to modify preliminary recommendations. Public consultation is a democratic mechanism with the potential to generate progress in the development of a more equitable Brazilian National Health System (SUS) that meets the real interests of society.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as razões da mudança da recomendação inicial dos pareceres emitidos pela Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias no Sistema Único de Saúde (Conitec) durante o processo de consultas públicas (CPs). Tratou-se de pesquisa exploratória de base documental, que analisou 45 CPs da Comissão, realizadas em 2020, das quais sete tiveram entendimento inicial alterado a partir das recomendações recebidas. Os resultados revelam que os principais argumentos considerados para modificar a recomendação preliminar foram aspectos econômicos, bem como critérios de segurança e efetividade da tecnologia analisada. A CP é mecanismo democrático com potencial para avançar no desenvolvimento de um Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) mais igualitário e que atenda aos reais interesses da sociedade.

Abstract The objective of this study was to obtain and characterize a freeze-dried powder of taioba leaves (Xanthosoma taioba) as a source of bioactive substances and potential food applications. The fresh leaves were cooked and lyophilized for further analysis. Its bioactive contents expressed in flavonoids, ascorbic acid and total polyphenols were quantified. Total antioxidant activity (TAA) was determined by ABTS assays. The chemical composition via infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and its microstructure were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bioactive contents of flavonoids, ascorbic acid and polyphenols were 17.15 mg/100 g, 58.3 mg/100 g and 24.15 mg Eq. of gallic acid/100 g, respectively. A high content of TAA was found. ABTS 37.35 (µg TE/g). The FTIR spectrum revealed high-intensity bands at 3350 cm-1, 2928 cm-1, 1637 cm-1, and 1055 cm-1 related to vibrations associated with typical bands of −OH groups present in cellulose membranes, hemicellulose, carbohydrates, lignin and water. The micrographs showed irregular structures of the ground leaves with a fibrous structure. These results indicate a high potential of this raw material in food formulations as a source of bioactives suitable for applications in various industrial segments.

Abstract Agroindustrial disposal generates tons of passion fruit albedo during pulp and juice processing. The reduction of this environmental pollution potential and its use involves research such as this one, which aims to determine the bioactive compounds in the passion fruit albedo (Passiflora edulis), its technological, functional potential and its morphological structures, aiming at food application. The methodologies applied followed internationally accepted and recommended guidelines. The results showed that the albedo flour obtained a yield of 9.76%, and from this, a semifine powder flour was prepared (75.8%), with 4.95% moisture, 40.72% reducing sugars, water activity of 0.37, pH of 5.29, total titratable acidity of 0.99 and total soluble solids of 1.5 °Brix. In addition, the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (18.88 mg AGE/100 g), flavonoids (13.51 mg/100 g), anthocyanins (1.74 mg/100 g) and chlorophyll b (69.65 mg/100 g) was evidenced, highlighting a considerable amount of vitamin C (377.36 mg/100 g) and pectin concentration (40.5%). In addition, the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (18.88 mg AGE/100 g), flavonoids (13.51 mg/100 g), anthocyanins (1.74 mg/100 g) and chlorophyll b (69.65 mg/100 g) was evidenced, highlighting a considerable amount of vitamin C (377.36 mg/100 g) and pectin concentration (40.5%).

Abstract The objective of this research was to analyze the industrial potential of a bacaba powder (Oenocarpus bacaba) obtained by different drying methods, evaluating antioxidant activity, spectroscopic and morphological behavior and addition to the composition of inorganic elements. The content of anthocyanins, flavonoids and carotenoids of each powder were determined as well as the total phenolic compounds. The structure of the granules of the powder were visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the elemental composition was attained by the X-ray spectroscopic energy dispersive system (EDS). The data suggest that the freeze-drying method is more efficient in obtaining the bacaba powder material. The increase in temperature applied in the convection drying process caused a reduction in the bioactive compound content and elements with antioxidant activity, it severely damaged the morphology of the plant membrane and influenced the composition of the spectral bands. Thus, this study indicates that the freezer-drying method could be particularly useful for obtaining bacaba powder in off-season periods, and that bacaba itself is a raw material that could be exploited by several industrial segments.

Fornecemos informações sobre a distribuição, uso de abrigo, consumo alimentar e biologia reprodutiva do morcego nectarívoro Xeronycteris vieirai. Seis morcegos adultos foram capturados com redes próximas às cavernas e à bromélia Encholirium splendidum em uma área de transição entre os biomas Caatinga e Cerrado no Brasil. Os morcegos estavam saindo das cavernas e foram observados se alimentando daquela espécie de bromélia. Nossos resultados sugerem que a distribuição de X. vieirai talvez não esteja restrita somente à Caatinga, mas talvez ocupe toda à macrorregião semiárida brasileira. Echolirium splendidum é um importante recurso para os morcegos em regiões cársticas e sua distribuição deve estar relacionada à distribuição e reprodução de X. vieirai.

We provide information on distribution, shelter use, food consumption, and reproductive biology of the nectar-feeding bat Xeronycteris vieirai. Six adult bats were mist netted near the caves and bromeliad Encholirium splendidum in a transition area between Caatinga and Cerrado biomes in Brazil. Bats were leaving the caves and were observed feeding on that bromeliad species. Our results suggest that distribution of X. vieirai may not be restricted to the Caatinga, but may occupy the entire Brazilian semiarid macroregion. Echolirium splendidum is an important resource for bats in karstic regions and its distribution might be related to the distribution and reproduction of X. vieirai.

Abstract Identifying potential patterns in pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) composition, as a function of the different fish muscle zones (dorse, venter, ventrecha and tail), was the main objective of this research. For such, the different pirarucu muscle zones were evaluated, in order to obtain proximate composition and minerals content. It was also determined amino acids and fatty acids contents in fish muscle. The dorsal, ventral and tail muscle zones presented similar moisture (76.5-78.2%), protein (17.8-18.9%), total lipids (1.0-1.5%) and ash (0.9-1.2%) contents. On the other hand, the ventrecha zone presented 25.8% of protein and the major total lipids content (17.1%). The main minerals found in fish muscle were K (183.5-288.6 mg/100 g muscle) and Na (65.1-175.5 mg/100 g). Glutamic acid (3027.6 mg/100 g muscle) was the main amino acid found in fish muscle, which presented 48% of essential amino acids in the protein fraction. Lipids content showed 57.3% of unsaturated fatty acids and 42.7% of saturated fatty acids.

Abstract Converting waste into a product similar to the original one or into another useful product is to save energy, protect natural resources, and bring back to the production cycle what was discarded. In that direction, new polyurethane-based composites have been developed by incorporating 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% PVC conduit discarded by the construction industry. The objective of this study was to investigate the interaction between the phases of waste incorporation and the effect upon the new material properties. The samples were produced by the polycondensation process. Microstructural analysis revealed a reduction in pore size across the polymer matrix. However, there were no changes in thermal insulation, water absorption, compressive strength, and burning rate tests and in the thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results from this study showed that the replacement of raw material by waste did not affect its properties.

Resumo Ácaros ectoparasitos de morcegos são reportados pela primeira vez para os Estados do Ceará e Mato Grosso. Os espécimes de morcegos com seus ectoparasitos foram coletados em áreas dos biomas Caatinga e Pantanal. Foi coletado o total de 450 espinturnicídeos representados por dois gêneros e dez espécies sobre 15 espécies de morcegos na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra das Almas, Ceará, Nordeste Brasileiro e em sete espécies de morcegos coletadas na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Sesc Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Centro-Oeste Brasileiro foram encontrados 138 espinturnicídeos representados por dois gêneros e quatro espécies. A ocorrência do gênero Cameronieta e da espécie Mesoperiglischrus natali, além de quatro novas associações (P. iheringi - Chiroderma vizottoi; Periglischrus micronycteridis - Micronycteris sanborni; P. paracutisternus – Trachops cirrhosus; Spinturnix americanus - Myotis riparius) são registradas pela primeira vez no Brasil.

Abstract A first survey of mite species that ectoparasitize bats in the states of Ceará and Mato Grosso was conducted. The specimens of bats and their mites were collected in areas of the Caatinga and Pantanal biomes. A total of 450 spinturnicids representing two genera and ten species was collected from 15 bat species in the Private Reserve of the Natural Patrimony Serra das Almas, Ceará State, Northeast Brazil and 138 spinturnicids represented by two genera and four species were found in seven bats species collected in Private Reserve of the Natural Patrimony Sesc Pantanal, Mato Grosso State, Central-Western Brazil. The occurrence of Cameronieta genus and the species Mesoperiglischrus natali as well as four new associations (Periglischrus iheringi - Chiroderma vizottoi; P. micronycteridis - Micronycteris sanborni; P. paracutisternus – Trachops cirrhosus; Spinturnix americanus - Myotis riparius) are registered for the first time in Brazil.

Embora inventários da quiropterofauna estejam disponíveis para algumas localidades do Nordeste brasileiro, os estudos em área de caatinga arbustiva ainda são escassos. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento e atualização da quiropterofauna em uma área de caatinga arbustiva na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN Serra das Almas), localizada no Planalto da Ibiapaba, estado do Ceará. A assembleia de morcegos da Reserva foi inventariada em julho de 2012 (período chuvoso) e janeiro de 2013 (período seco), totalizando 19 noites de amostragem. Um total de 347 indivíduos de 23 espécies e seis famílias foi capturado. A quiropterofauna é caracterizada por uma dominância de poucas espécies mais abundantes, particularmente filostomídeos frugívoros, e várias outras menos abundantes, o que é freqüente em inventários com redes armadas ao nível do solo. Tonatia saurophila e Chiroderma vizottoi, essa última recentemente descrita e conhecida apenas da localidade tipo, são registradas pela primeira vez no Ceará, onde 66 espécies de morcegos estão agora registradas.

Whereas surveys of the bat fauna are available for some localities in the Brazilian Northeast, studies in the caatinga scrublands are still limited. The aim of this study was to survey the bat fauna in an area of caatinga scrublands in the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN Serra das Almas), which is located on the Ibiapaba Plateau, State of Ceará. The bat assemblage of the reserve was surveyed in July 2012 (rainy season), and January 2013 (dry season), with a total of 19 sampling nights. We captured 347 individuals of 23 species representing six families. The bat fauna was characterized by the predominance of a few abundant species, in particular phyllostomid frugivores, and many rare species, which is frequent in studies based on mist nets at ground level. The first records of Tonatia saurophila and Chiroderma vizottoi (recently described and known only from its type locality) are reported for the State of Ceará, where 66 bat species are now known to occur.